The bottom line for caregiversThe HPV vaccine offers protection from cervical cancer, genital warts and other diseases caused by HPV viruses  The vaccine is most effective before people are exposed to HPV, which is why it’s offered to children and young adolescentsThe side effects of vaccination are minor and short-term, with most people expe

Key messages· Compared to usual care (i.e. without specific activities), providing people with dementia with music-based therapy sessions probably improves depression, and may improve overall behavioural problems.· Compared to other activities, music-based therapy may improve social behaviour, but we are unsure if it improves anxiety.· These effects may not last beyond the end of treatment.

Cochrane, the Campbell Collaboration, JBI, and the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence have published a joint p

Key messages• Compared to placebo or usual care, corticosteroids probably reduce the risk of death at 28 days and of in-hospital death, and may have little or no effect on the risk of dying beyond three months.• We are uncertain about the effects of continuous intravenous infusion of corticosteroids compared with intermittent intravenous bolus (rapid injection) administration.

Key messages• The two most common tests (serum or plasma retinol and retinol-binding protein) cannot reliably identify at-risk individuals with or without vitamin A deficiency in the community or clinics.• This may mean that using these tests could lead to over- or underestimated levels of low vitamin A at the population level and incorrect diagnosis of individuals.• Estimates of test accuracy should improve as more studies become available.

For over 30 years, the Cochrane Collaboration has set the standard for systematic reviews in health research.

Key messagesClinical staff should be aware that the available rating scales for assessing pain in newborn infants are of very low quality. There is a need to develop these scales further.

Key messagesRisperidone and aripiprazole may reduce irritability symptoms, while lurasidone probably results in little to no difference in children with autism.There is significant uncertainty about the effects of these drugs on aggression, weight gain and abnormal body movements (e.g. tremors) in children with autism.These medicines may decrease obsessive-compulsive symptoms (unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviours (compulsions)) and inappropriate speech in children with autism.